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M&S is an abbreviation of Modeling&Simulation. First, modeling is a process of expressing and simplifying, idealizing, and abstracting according to the intended purpose in order to express the actual situation clearly.

The Defense M&S(DM&S) is an extension of the existing war game area. It refers to all the means to technically support the military planning, management, decision making, acquisition, analysis evaluation and training of the military. These defense M&S can predict and analyze various environments where actual training is restricted in the defense field[2].

In the military, the effects of M&S can be divided into defense acquisition, power analysis, and education and training.

First, the defense acquisition side provides various functions such as research and development and production of weapons systems for improving the quality of weapons systems, support for logistics, and support for test evaluations. It also improves efficiency by greatly reducing the risk of cost, such as time and resources, during acquisition.

Next, in terms of power analysis, it provides functions such as operational management strategy, decision making for tactical military administration and administrative support for analysis for effective operation support. In addition, it supports operational performance, requirements assessment, and overall power factor analysis.

Finally, in terms of education and training, we support strategies, tactics, and doctrines to improve the preparedness of the military. Examples include operational planning and development exercises, battlefield situation training, military operations training, maneuver training, decision making by commanders and staff, and equipment mastery of weapons system trainees.

M&S has the effect of saving development time, development cost, and actual training cost when developing equipment for improvement and improvement of military strength[3].

Fig. 1. 
Defense M&S Example

First, Virtual Reality refers to a specific environment or situation, or technology itself, that is similar to the real world created by the latest technology using computers[4].

Any specific environment or situation that is generated can stimulate the five senses of the trainees and enable the experience like the real world to break down the barrier between reality and imagination. The trainees can not only simply immerse themselves in virtual reality, but also interact with objects that are implemented in virtual reality by controlling devices in the real world[5].

Virtual reality can provide learners with immersive learning, and they can expect excellent educational effects through interaction with specific objects. In addition, virtual reality has the flexibility to embody even abstract things beyond realistic constraints of the real world. It also allows the trainees to share experiences and enable more realistic experiences through cooperation. In this way, when virtual reality technology is applied to training, it can exert more effective learning effect than existing simple teaching and learning methods[1].

Fig. 2. 
Optimus System Shooting Simulator

The mission editor implements the ability to select terrain information and to select training time and weather to simulate the 3D virtual environment in the simulator. Also, it is possible to train the enemy in various attack types by selecting enemy type and single or group attack. By entering the enemy movement route, it is possible to move the enemy army toward the attack target from the viewpoint of the enemy, so that more realistic education and training can be carried out.

Save the terrain, movement path, and attack type to a file so that the burden of the instructor is not increased in the mission editor. You can import and edit the saved files according to the needs of the instructor, and repeat the trained training scenarios and actual training scenarios in the same form.

The instructor controller has the ability to control the simulator and simulate the training scenarios. In addition, the connection status of the training simulator can be checked through the screen, and the set training (the training date, the task classification, the training level, the training scenario and the trainee) is transmitted to the simulator so as to start and end the training, And management of training results. The user interface of the instructor controller is shown in Fig 5.

Fig. 5. 
Instructor control unit

The instructor is able to control and monitor each of the systems using the status monitoring and monitoring equipment of the instructor control unit. The function simulating the training scenarios simulates the movement simulation of the target according to the simulation time, the simulation of the environment, and simulates the damage assessment and the engagement result of the target on the simulation of the engagement through the engagement information transmitted from the simulation simulator. In addition, it includes control management, trainee management, evaluation management and training result playback function, and function check function.

The simulation simulator consists of two simulation engines. One is an image system, a control simulation system, and a control system. The other is a 3D simulation engine composed of a 3D field/terrain implementation system, an environment implementation system, and an object management system. TCP/IP Communicates with the instructor controller using a network protocol configured in Windows Socket mode. Then, the training scenarios are received from the instructor's controller and displayed in the 3D space through the HMD, and engage through the equipment interface based on the target information of the scenario. The simulated engagement information is transmitted over the network to the instructor controller.

It is composed of a software simulation engine that enables students to directly experience the educational system such as launching equipment installation procedure, equipment installation procedure and target form-related procedures through virtual reality, and a virtual space consisting of 3D electric / The user interacts directly with the equipment and conducts a participatory training. If necessary, the result is transmitted to the instructor controller through the device interface.